Formal Models of Operating System Kernels 2007th Edition by Iain D Craig ISBN 1846283752 9781846283758 by Iain D. Craig 1846283752, 9781846283758 instant download after payment.
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ISBN 10: 1846283752
ISBN 13: 9781846283758
Author: Iain D Craig
The work that this book represents is something I have wanted to do since 1979. While in Ireland, probably in 2001, I sketched some parts of a small operating system speci?cation in Z but left it because of other duties. In 2002, I worked on the sketches again but was interrupted. Finally, in April, 2005, I decided to devote some time to it and produced what amounted to a ?rst version of the kernel to be found in Chapter 3 of this book. I even produced a few proofs, just to show that I was not on a completely insane tack. I decided to suggest the material as the subject of a book to Beverley Ford. The material was sent on a Thursday (I think). The following Monday, I received an email from her saying that it had gone out for review. The review process took less than 2 weeks; the response was as surprising as it was encouraging: a de?nite acceptance. So I got on with it. This book is intended as a new way to approach operating systems - sign in general, and kernel design in particular. It was partly driven by the old ambition mentioned above, by the need for greater clarity where it comes to kernels and by the need, as I see it, for a better foundation for operating systemsdesign.Securityaspects,too,playedapart―asnotedintheintrod- tory chapter, if a system’s kernel is insecure or unreliable, it will undermine attemptstoconstructsecuresoftwareontopofit.Securitydoesnototherwise play a part in this book.
Formal Models of Operating System Kernels 2007th Table of contents:
Part I: Foundational Concepts in Formal Methods
Chapter 1: Logic and Set Theory for System Specification
- Basic Set Theory: Sets, Relations, Functions, Tuples
- Propositional Logic: Syntax, Semantics, Truth Tables, Tautologies
- First-Order Predicate Logic: Quantifiers, Predicates, Interpretations
- Logic for State Representation: Assertions and Invariants
- Introduction to Temporal Logics (LTL, CTL): Reasoning about System Behavior over Time
Chapter 2: Modeling Paradigms and Formalisms
- State-Transition Systems: States, Transitions, Labels, Initial States
- Automata Theory: Finite Automata, Pushdown Automata, Turing Machines (as conceptual models)
- Process Calculi: CCS (Calculus of Communicating Systems), CSP (Communicating Sequential Processes)
- Syntax and Semantics
- Compositionality and Interaction
- Petri Nets: Places, Transitions, Tokens, Marking
- Modeling Concurrency and Synchronization
- Algebraic Specifications: Abstract Data Types (ADTs)
Chapter 3: Verification Techniques
- Model Checking:
- Reachability Analysis
- LTL/CTL Model Checking Algorithms
- Symbolic Model Checking (BDDs)
- Bounded Model Checking (SAT/SMT Solvers)
- Theorem Proving:
- Axiomatic Systems and Inference Rules
- Interactive Theorem Proving (e.g., HOL, Isabelle/HOL, Coq)
- Automated Theorem Proving (e.g., SMT Solvers)
- Static Analysis: Dataflow Analysis, Control-Flow Analysis
- Runtime Verification (light touch)
Part II: Formal Modeling of Core Kernel Components
Chapter 4: Process Management and Scheduling
- Formalizing Processes and Threads: States, Contexts, IDs
- Models of Context Switching and Dispatching
- Formalizing Scheduling Algorithms (e.g., Round Robin, Priority-based)
- Properties: Fairness, Liveness, Bounded Wait
- Deadlock Detection and Prevention: Resource Allocation Graphs, Banker's Algorithm
Chapter 5: Memory Management
- Formalizing Memory Spaces: Physical vs. Virtual Addresses
- Page Tables and Translation Lookaside Buffers (TLBs)
- Memory Allocation and Deallocation Schemes (e.g., Buddy System, Slab Allocator)
- Memory Protection Mechanisms: Access Control
- Properties: Isolation, Integrity, Non-interference
Chapter 6: Inter-Process Communication (IPC)
- Formalizing IPC Primitives: Pipes, Message Queues, Shared Memory
- Synchronization Mechanisms: Semaphores, Mutexes, Condition Variables
- Monitors and Critical Sections
- Properties: Atomicity, Mutual Exclusion, Producer-Consumer Safety
Chapter 7: Interrupts and Exception Handling
- Modeling Asynchronous Events and Interrupt Service Routines (ISRs)
- Formalizing Exception Handling and System Calls
- Interrupt Prioritization and Masking
- Properties: Timeliness, Correct Interrupt Response
Chapter 8: I/O Subsystem and Device Drivers
- Formalizing I/O Operations: Device Registers, DMA
- Modeling Device Drivers and their Interaction with the Kernel
- Buffering and Caching Mechanisms
- Properties: Data Integrity, Device Access Control
Chapter 9: File Systems (Kernel Aspects)
- Formalizing File System Structures: Inodes, Directories, Blocks
- Disk Management and Block Allocation
- Caching Strategies for File System Data
- Consistency and Durability Properties
Part III: Advanced Topics and Case Studies
Chapter 10: Security and Access Control
- Formal Models of Security Policies: Mandatory Access Control (MAC), Discretionary Access Control (DAC)
- Capability-Based Security
- Information Flow Control
- Verification of Security Properties: Non-interference, Confinement
Chapter 11: Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) Kernels
- Formalizing Time and Deadlines
- Schedulability Analysis: Rate Monotonic Analysis (RMA), Earliest Deadline First (EDF)
- Formal Models for Time-Triggered vs. Event-Triggered Systems
- Properties: Timeliness, Predictability
Chapter 12: Microkernels and Layered Architectures
- Formalizing Microkernel Concepts: IPC as Primary Communication
- Verification of Microkernel Primitives and System Call Interfaces
- Modeling Cross-Layer Interactions and Privileges
- Case Studies: L4, seL4
Chapter 13: Hypervisors and Virtualization
- Formal Models of Virtual Machines and Virtualization Extensions
- Privilege Levels and Ring Transitions
- I/O Virtualization
- Security and Isolation Guarantees for Virtualized Environments
Chapter 14: Formal Verification of Production Kernels: Case Studies
- The seL4 Microkernel Verification Project: Deep Dive into Process, Methodology, and Results
- Other Notable Kernel Verification Efforts (e.g., CertiKOS, CompCert, etc.)
- Lessons Learned and Challenges in Large-Scale Kernel Verification
Chapter 15: Challenges and Future Directions
- Scalability of Formal Methods for Complex Kernels
- Verification of Concurrent and Distributed Systems
- Integration with Software Engineering Practices (e.g., Agile, DevOps)
- Formal Methods for AI-powered Kernels (e.g., self-adaptive systems)
- The Future of Verified Operating Systems
Appendices
- A. Notation Guide
- B. Introduction to [Specific Proof Assistant/Model Checker, e.g., Isabelle/HOL, Coq, TLA+]
- C. Selected Exercises and Solutions
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