Identification And Validation Of Intratumoralmicrobiome Associated With Sensitization To Immunecheckpoint Inhibitors Junhong Chen Yongchao Gao Yao Chen Quanlin Wang Yulong Zhang Yujing Huang Xiaoying Xian Dingding Zhou Honghao Zhou Rong Liu You Zou Wei Zhang by Junhong Chen & Yongchao Gao & Yao Chen & Quanlin Wang & Yulong Zhang & Yujing Huang & Xiaoying Xian & Dingding Zhou & Honghao Zhou & Rong Liu & You Zou & Wei Zhang instant download after payment.

SUMMARYAs a part of the commensal microbiome, the regulatory role of the intratumoral microbiome in tumor immunityis gradually revealed. However, the relationship between the intratumoral microbiome and the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) clinical treatment remains unclear. Here, we collect RNA sequencing (RNAseq) data and clinical information from publicly available ICIs therapy cohorts. By developing an improvedbioinformatics pipeline to identify the intratumoral microbiome and performing a comprehensive associationanalysis, we find that the intratumoral microbiome is associated with response to ICIs and characteristics ofthe tumor microenvironment (TME). In vivo experiments demonstrate that intratumoral injection of Burkholderia cepacia, Priestia megaterium, or Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii, which were selected from our analysis results, would synergize with anti-PD-1 therapy to inhibit tumor growth and enhance antitumor immunity.Our findings highlight the essential role of the intratumoral microbiome in the clinical effectiveness differences of ICIs, suggesting its potential in future ICIs combination therapy.