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0 reviewsThe precise structural and functional characteristics of input circuits targeting1234567890():,;1234567890():,;histaminergic neurons remain poorly understood. Here, using a rabies virusretrograde tracing system combined with fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography, we construct a 3D monosynaptic long-range input atlasof male mouse histaminergic neurons. We identify that the hypothalamus,thalamus, pallidum, and hippocampus constitute major input sources, exhibiting diverse spatial distribution patterns and neuronal type ratios. Notably, aspecific layer distribution pattern and co-projection structures of upstreamcortical neurons are well reconstructed at single-cell resolution. As histaminergic system is classically involved in sleep-wake regulation, we demonstratethat the lateral septum (predominantly supplying inhibitory inputs) and theparaventricular nucleus of the thalamus (predominantly supplying excitatoryinputs) establish monosynaptic connections, exhibiting distinct functionaldynamics and regulatory roles in rapid-eye-movement sleep. Collectively, ourstudy provides a precise long-range input map of mouse histaminergic neurons at mesoscopic scale, laying a solid foundation for future systematic studyof histaminergic neural circuits.
