Changing Genes Cells And Networks To Reprogram The Brain After Stroke Wenlu Li Paul George Matine M Azadian Mingming Ning Amar Dhand Steven C Cramer S Thomas Carmichael Eng H Lo by Wenlu Li & Paul George & Matine M. Azadian & Mingming Ning & Amar Dhand & Steven C. Cramer & S. Thomas Carmichael & Eng H. Lo instant download after payment.

Important advances have been made in reperfusion therapies for acute ischemic stroke. However, a majority of patients are either ineligible for or do not respond to treatments and continue to have considerable functional defcits. Stroke results in a pathological disruption of the neurovascular unit (NVU) that involves blood–brain barrier leakage, glial activation, neuronal damage and chronic infammation, all of which create a microenvironment that hinders recovery. Therefore, fnding ways to promote central nervous system recovery remains the holy grail of stroke research. Here we propose a conceptual framework to synthesize recent progress in the feld, which is currently dispersed and disconnected in the literature. We suggest that stroke recovery requires an integrated reprogramming process throughout the brain that occurs at multiple levels, including changes in gene expression, endogenous cellular transdiferentiation within the NVU, and reorganization of larger-scale neural and social networks.