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ISBN 10: 0521016452
ISBN 13: 9780521016452
Author: James Mahoney
This book systematically investigates the past accomplishments and future agendas of contemporary comparative-historical analysis. Its core essays explore three major issues: the accumulation of knowledge in the field over the past three decades, the analytic tools used to study temporal process and historical patterns, and the methodologies available for making inferences and for building theories. The introductory and concluding essays situate the field as a whole by comparing it to alternative approaches within the social sciences. Comparative Historical Analysis in the Social Sciences will serve as an invaluable resource for scholars in the field, and it will represent a challenge to many other social scientists - especially those who have raised skeptical concerns about comparative-historical analysis in the past.
1 Comparative Historical Analysis: ACHIEVEMENTS AND AGENDAS
A Continued Focus on Big Questions
The Distinctive Features of Comparative Historical Analysis
The Paradigm Debate in Contemporary Social Science
Looking Ahead
References
PART I Accumulation of Research
2 Comparative Historical Analysis and Knowledge Accumulation in the Study of Revolutions
A Tale of Two Methods
The Goals and Inference Methods of Comparative Historical Analysis
Bayesian Analysis
Process Tracing and Congruence Testing
Definitions of Revolution
The Natural History of Revolutions
Modernization and Revolutions
Social-Structural Theory and Its Critics
Extending Social-Structural Approaches: New Perspectives and New Cases
A New Synthesis: Focusing on Causes of Stability
Knowledge Accumulation in the Study of Revolutions
Conjunctural Causation
Variety in Processes and Outcomes
Conclusion
References
3 What We Know about the Development of Social Policy
Comparative and Historical Causal Research and Its Progress
Empirical Contributions of Comparative and Historical Research
Theoretical Advances
Conceptual Deepening, Big Questions, and New Research Agendas
Impact on Other Types of Research and Methodology
Why Comparative and Historical Research in Social Policy Was So Productive
Conclusion
References
4 Knowledge Accumulation in Comparative Historical Research
Defining Knowledge Accumulation
The Barrington Moore Research Program
Iterated Hypothesis Testing and the Falsification of Moore’s Argument
A Note on Meta-Theory and Methodology: Structuralism and Sequence Analysis
The O’Donnell and Linz–Stepan Research Programs
Testing the Bureaucratic-Authoritarian Model
A Voluntarist Meta-Theory: Leadership and Beyond
Conclusion
References
PART II Analytic Tools
5 Big, Slow-Moving, and . . . Invisible: MACROSOCIAL PROCESSES IN THE STUDY OF COMPARATIVE POLITICS
I. Slow-Moving Causal Processes
Cumulative Causes
Threshold Effects
Causal Chains
II. Slow-Moving Outcomes
III. Moving Beyond the Focus on Time Horizons
Structural Determination
Path Dependent or Positive Feedback Processes
Packing Politics into Quadrant I
References
6 How Institutions Evolve: INSIGHTS FROM COMPARATIVE HISTORICAL ANALYSIS
I. Introduction
II. Approaches to Institutions and Institutional Change
Constant-Cause Explanations
Path-Dependence Explanations
III. A Brief Empirical Example
IV. Toward a Specification of Some Common Modes of Institutional Change
Institutional Layering
Institutional Conversion
V. Conclusions and Agendas for Further Research
Where Do We Go from Here?
Summing up
References
7 Uses of Network Tools in Comparative Historical Research
The Social Network Tradition
Types of Network Analysis
Connectivity Methods
Positional Methods
Measuring Network Effects
Network Analysis in Comparative Historical Research
Patron–Client Relations and Elite Political Contention
Structural Analysis of Nonnetwork Data
Network Diffusion and Large-Scale Mobilization
Conclusion
References
8 Periodization and Preferences: REFLECTIONS ON PURPOSIVE ACTION IN COMPARATIVE HISTORICAL SOCIAL SC
I
II
III
References
PART III Issues of Method
9 Can One or a Few Cases Yield Theoretical Gains?
I. The Issue
II. Some First Considerations
III. Theory Development, Theory Testing, and Explanatory Use of Theory in a Single Case
IV. Going beyond a Single Case
V. And Yet There Are Limits to the Theoretical Results of Single and Small-N Case Studies
VI. Tested Empirical Hypotheses and Persuasive Explanations Are Not the Only Worthwhile Products of
VII. What Can Be Learned from One or a Few Cases?
References
10 Strategies of Causal Assessment in Comparative Historical Analysis
Nominal Comparison and the Question of Determinism
What Is a Deterministic Explanation?
Deterministic Methods
Probabilistic Methods
Evaluating Criticisms of Methods That Use Nominal Comparison
Ordinal Comparison and the Question of Linear Causation
Identifying and Interpreting Ordinal Associations
Examples of Ordinal Analysis in Comparative Historical Research
Within-Case Analysis
Pattern Matching
Process Tracing
Causal Narrative
Conclusion
References
11 Aligning Ontology and Methodology in Comparative Research
The Development of Ontology and Methodology in Comparative Politics
The Initial Institutionalism
The Comparative Revolution
The Comparative Method
The Contemporary Dilemma
Toward Solutions
Some Recent Proposals
Systematic Process Analysis
Reconsidering Case Studies and the Comparative Method
Conclusion
References
Conclusion
12 Doubly Engaged Social Science: THE PROMISE OF COMPARATIVE HISTORICAL ANALYSIS
Doubly Engaged Social Science
Who Are They Arguing with?
Clarifying the Mission, Defending the Method
Temporal Process to the Fore
Methodological Pluralism and New Research Frontiers
References
Index
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Tags: James Mahoney, Comparative, Analysis
