Ecology and Control of Introduced Plants 1st Edition by Judith H Myers, Dawn Bazely ISBN 0521357780 9780521355162 by Judith H. Myers, Dawn Bazely 0521355168, 9780521355162 instant download after payment.

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ISBN 10: 0521357780 
ISBN 13: 9780521355162
Author: Judith H Myers, Dawn Bazely

The global spread of plant species by humans is both a fascinating large scale experiment and, in many cases, a major perturbation to native plant communities. Many of the most destructive weeds today have been intentionally introduced to new environments where they have had unexpected and detrimental impacts. This 2003 book considers the problem of invasive introduced plants from historical, ecological and sociological perspectives. We consider such questions as 'What makes a community invasible?', 'What makes a plant an invader?' and 'Can we restore plant communities after invasion?' Written with advanced students and land managers in mind, this book contains practical explanations, case studies and an introduction to basic techniques for evaluating the impacts of invasive plants. An underlying theme is that experimental and quantitative evaluation of potential problems is necessary, and solutions must consider the evolutionary and ecological constraints acting on species interactions in newly invaded communities.

Ecology and Control of Introduced Plants 1st Table of contents:

1 Introduction
Weeds and the value of native species
The socio-economic background of plant introductions
Turning back the clock – is restoration possible?
Biological control as an approach to introduced weeds
Promoting ecosystem management for native species
Conclusions
2 Planet of Weeds: exotic plants in the landscape
The scope of the problem: how many and how costly are non-native plant species?
What’s in a name?
Patterns of plant introductions
The European invasion
The ecological theory of colonization and invasion
Landscape ecology and invasive species
How do corridors affect the spread of introduced species?
Landscape level patterns of invasion – the Lonsdale model
Conclusions
3 Biological invasions in the context of plant communities
Part 1 – Characteristics of native plant communities that influence plant invasions
Disturbance and succession
Grime’s C–S–R model of succession
Disturbance and the invasion of plant species
Herbivory and introduced plant species
Influences of generalist and specialist herbivores on community invasibility
Resistance of invasive species to grazing
Interspecific competition and plant invasion
Are more diverse communities less vulnerable to invasion?
Invasions and fluctuating resource availability
The concept of ‘niche opportunity’
Ecological niche modeling
Part 2 – The effects of invasive species on plant communities and ecosystems
Effects of invasive plants on plant diversity
Effects of introduced species on ecosystem functioning
Invasive species and the soil
Conclusions
4 Predicting invasiveness from life history characteristics
What are life history traits?
Vegetative reproduction
Time to first reproduction
Growth versus flowering
Seed germination and dispersal
Seed banks
Disturbance and seed persistence
Seed size and seed predation
Vegetative reproduction
Case study – Phragmites australis – a story of successful vegetative reproduction
Do life history characteristics predict invasiveness?
Predicting invasive species and the design of quarantine regulations
Conclusions
5 Population ecology and introduced plants
Why study plant populations?
What determines plant population densities?
Self-thinning and the 3/2 rule
Are plants seed limited?
Demographic parameters
Monitoring populations
Life tables and key factor analysis
Population ecology of vegetatively reproducing plants
Case study – Diffuse knapweed in British Columbia
Conclusions
6 Introduced plant diseases
Introduction
Chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica)
Joint introductions – common barberry and wheat stem rust
Sudden oak death and rhododendrons
White pine blister rust, Cronartium ribicola
Pandemics of Dutch elm disease, Ophiostoma ulmi and O. novo-ulmi
Introduction of fungi for biological control of weeds
Uromycladium tepperianum on Acacia saligna in South Africa
Puccinia chondrillina on Chondrilla juncea in Australia
The potential role of soil microbes in invasiveness
Preventing the introductions of plant diseases
Conclusions
7 Biological control of introduced plants
Introduction
How successful is biological control?
Quantifying biological success
Cost effectiveness
Remembering success
Can we predict successful agents and vulnerable plants?
Are certain plant types more susceptible to biological control?
Are certain plants more suitable for biological control?
Can we predict what will be a successful biological control agent?
How many agents are necessary for success?
Selecting the right agent
Are new associations of plants and insects more likely successful?
Historical perspectives – using the past to predict the future
Do seed predators make good biological control agents?
Is biological control safe?
Conclusions
8 Modeling invasive plants and their control
Introduction
The history of modeling biological control
Modeling the impact of seed predators
Another model of knapweed
A hypothetical, stochastic model of seed limitation
Models of Scotch broom
Simulation and analytical model of native populations of broom
Matrix models of introduced broom in North America
Combining population models and experiments
A model of biological control of Sida acuta in northern Australia
A model of biological control of tansy ragwort control in Oregon
The world is variable but models ar not
Modeling invasive plants – what have we learned?
Modeling invasions as they spread across habitats and landscapes
The concept of ‘nascent’ foci
What models tell us about detecting invasions
Invasion speed for structured populations
Slowing the spread
Conclusions
9 Action against non-indigenous species
Introduction
The scale of the problem
Manuals and advice
Physical control methods
Pulling and cutting
Non-targeted physical control
Chemical control of non-indigenous plant species
Costs and benefits of control
Assessing control of non-indigenous species
Eradication as a goal
Increasing the chances of successful control
Who should take responsibility for introduced species?
The uncertain status of some invasive species
Conclusions
10 Genetically modified plants and final conclusions
Genetically modified plants: another time bomb?
Some concluding remarks
Appendix – Some tools for studying plant populations
Introduction
Sampling methods
Point sampling for measuring cover, basal area or percent sward
Quadrat sampling
Size and shape of sampling units
The number of samples
Distance methods or plotless samples
The need for sampling – the need for measurement
Measuring biodiversity in plant communities
Species richness
Evenness
Heterogeneity
Measures of species richness
Rarefaction
Measures of heterogeneity
Simpson’s index
Shannon’s index
Measures of evenness
Concluding comments of measuring diversity
A picture is worth a thousand words – basics of GPS and GIS
GPS
Applications

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Tags: Judith H Myers, Dawn Bazely, Control, Plants