This book provides preliminary quantitative estimates of direct budgetary supportand tax expenditures supporting the production or consumption of fossil fuels in selected OECD member countries. The information has been compiled as part of the OECD's program of work undertaken to develop a better understanding of environmentallyharmful subsidies (EHS), and to inform the ongoing efforts of G20 nations to reform fossil-fuel subsidies. For each of the twenty-four OECD countries covered, the inventory provides a succinctsummary of its energy economy and of the budgetary and tax-related measures provide at the central government level (and, in the case of federal countries, for selectedsubnational units of government) relating to fossil-fuel production or consumption.(Many measures listed in this inventory are relative preferences within a particularcountry's tax system rather than absolute support that can be readily comparedacross countries. For this reason no national totals are provided.).