Light Modulates Plantderived Extracellular Vesicle Properties A Photosensitiveresponsive Nanodelivery System Yu Lu Wenyu Zhang Peiyuan Zeng Yuqian He Xiaolu Hua Yan Liu Jianbo Wu by Yu Lu & Wenyu Zhang & Peiyuan Zeng & Yuqian He & Xiaolu Hua & Yan Liu & Jianbo Wu instant download after payment.

Discover Nano,AbstractPlant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) have emerged as innovative nanocarriers for drug delivery, ofering advantages such as biocompatibility, stability, and cost-efectiveness. This study explores light-mediated strategies to optimize cargo encapsulation into PDEVs while preserving structural integrity. Leveraging the intrinsic photosensitizing properties of PDEVs, light irradiation (LED) triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, including superoxide anions and singlet oxygen, which transiently enhanced membrane permeability for controlled drug loading. Using FITC-dextran (70 kDa) as a model cargo, we optimized light-induced loading efciency, achieving a peak (~80%) at 10 min of irradiation. Prolonged exposure (15 min) reduced efciency (~50%), likely due to excessive ROS-induced membrane destabilization. The optimal PDEVs-to-cargo ratio (1:30) ensured maximal loading while maintaining stability over 30 days. Lipid peroxidation analysis further confrmed ROS-induced membrane modifcations through malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation. These fndings demonstrate that PLDENs (Pueraria lobate-derived exosomes-like nanovesicles) function as light-responsive nanocarriers, balancing ROS-mediated permeability enhancement with structural integrity. This lighttriggered strategy balances permeability modulation and structural integrity, advancing PDEVs as scalable, non-invasive platforms for precision drug delivery and photodynamic applications. Keywords Plant-derived extracellular vesicles · Light · Reactive oxygen species (ROS) · Encapsulation · Photosensitizing properties · Lipid peroxidation