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The railways of Manchuria offer an intriguing vantage point for an
international history of northeast Asia. Before the completion of the
Trans-Siberian railway in 1916, the only rail route from the Imperial
Russian capital of St. Petersburg to the Pacific port of Vladivostok
transited Manchuria. A spur line from the Manchurian city of Harbin led
south to ice-free Port Arthur. Control of these two rail lines gave
Imperial Russia military, economic, and political advantages that
excited rivalry on the part of Japan and unease on the part of weak and
divided China. Meanwhile, the effort to defend and retain that strategic
hold against rising Japanese power strained distant Moscow. Control of
the Manchurian railways was contested in the Russo-Japanese War of
1904-5; Japan's 1931 invasion and establishment of the puppet state of
Manchukuo; the second Sino-Japanese War and World War II in Asia; and,
the Chinese civil war that culminated in the Communist victory over the
Nationalists. Today, the railways are critical to plans for development
of China's sparsely populated interior. This volume brings together an
international group of scholars to explore this fascinating history.
