Race And Racial Differences Arthur Kemp by Arthur Kemp instant download after payment.

From there, it provides a comprehensive yet easily understandable overview of how human DNA works, which is vital to any understanding of how genes, at a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) level, are responsible for shaping individuals. When large numbers of people share similar SNPs, they form distinct groups which manifest themselves as “races.” Human DNA is made up of three major components: Y-chromosomes, mtDNA (which is inherited unchanged through the male and female lines), and autosomal DNA. When these three components are plotted according to their geographic locations, they dramatically divide into seven distinct regions. Each region clusters according to genetic similarity—the classic definition of race.

This science of genetic clustering is used by all the “home DNA testing kit” companies to provide “ancestry and origin” results. It provides unequivocable proof of the biological existence of race, and definitively destroys any claims that race is a “social construct.” This work builds on the seven regions reality by probing deeper and revealing the exact genes and SNPs—by name and location in the chromosomes—which determine the physical differences we see before us as racial types.

Then the process whereby these genes are unequally distributed among the seven major regions is discussed—and how this differentiated genetic distribution has created different races. In this way, the genes which are responsible for eye color, hair color, hair texture, skull shapes and facial features.