Second generation HTS Conductors 2005th Edition by Amit Goyal 1402081170 978-1402081170 by Amit Goyal 1402081189 instant download after payment.

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ISBN 10: 1402081170

ISBN 13: 978-1402081170

Author: Amit Goyal

The discovery of high-temperature superconductors (HTS) in 1986 by two IBM scientists triggered an unprecedented wave of research and development worldwide, driven by the immense potential of these materials for practical applications. However, the initial excitement was soon tempered by the formidable challenge of fabricating HTS into usable forms with acceptable superconducting properties.

Progress toward this goal has been hindered by intrinsic material issues, including weak links, flux creep, and poor mechanical properties. Early studies of the critical current density (J_c) in HTS materials revealed that polycrystalline samples, which contain a distribution of grain boundaries, exhibit significantly lower (J_c) than single crystals. High-angle grain boundaries, in particular, act as Josephson-coupled weak links, leading to a pronounced field-dependent suppression of the supercurrent across the boundary.

For clean, stoichiometric boundaries, the grain boundary critical current density depends primarily on the misorientation angle. This relationship has been extensively studied in YBa(_2)Cu(3)O(7) (YBCO) using epitaxial films grown on bicrystal substrates, covering [001] tilt, [100] tilt, and [100] twist boundaries. In all cases, high-angle boundaries were found to behave as weak links. Similar experiments on artificially fabricated [001] tilt bicrystals in Tl-2208, Tl-2223, and Nd({1.85})Ce({0.15})CuO(_4) confirmed the same behavior: the grain boundary misorientation strongly influences (J_c). Data from Bi-2212 bicrystals further indicate that most large-angle [001] tilt and [001] twist boundaries function as weak links.

These findings suggest that the variation of (J_c) with misorientation angle is a universal feature of all high-(T_c) superconductors. Consequently, the low (J_c) observed in randomly oriented polycrystalline HTS can be explained by the scarcity of low-angle boundaries and the prevalence of high-angle ones, which impede long-range current flow.

Despite these obstacles, three HTS materials were successfully fabricated in polycrystalline form using conventional processing techniques, achieving modest (J_c) values. These include Bi-2223 powder-in-tube conductors, Tl-1223 spray-pyrolyzed films, and Bi-2212 melt-processed thick films. Collectively, these conductors became known as the First-Generation HTS conductors (or wires).

Table of contents:

Chapter 1 – Methods to Produce Biaxially Textured Substrates
Chapter 2 – IBAD Template Films for HTS Coated Conductors
Chapter 3 – Epitaxial Superconductors on Rolling-Assisted-Biaxially-Textured-Substrates (RABiTS)
Chapter 4 – Inclined Substrate Deposition
Chapter 5 – ISD by Thermal Evaporation

Chapter 6 – Pulsed Laser Deposition of YBa₂Cu₃O₇−δ for Coated Conductor Applications: Current Status and Cost Issues
Chapter 7 – Methods of HTS Deposition: Thermal Evaporation
Chapter 8 – Sputtering of YBa₂Cu₃O₇−δ
Chapter 9 – Pulsed Electron-Beam Deposition of High Temperature Superconducting Films for Coated Conductor Applications
Chapter 10 – BaF₂ Post-Deposition Reaction Process for Thick YBCO Films
Chapter 11 – Issues and Progress Related to the Continuous Ex-Situ BaF₂ Processing of Long-Length YBCO Coated Conductors
Chapter 12 – Solution Deposition of YBa₂Cu₃O₇−δ Coated Conductors
Chapter 13 – Non-Fluorine Based Bulk Solution Techniques to Grow Superconducting YBa₂Cu₃O₇−δ Films
Chapter 14 – Jet Vapor Deposition for Continuous, Low-Cost Manufacture of High Temperature Superconducting Tape
Chapter 15 – Processing of Long-Length Tapes of High-Temperature Superconductors by Combustion Chemical Vapor Deposition
Chapter 16 – MOCVD Growth of YBCO Films for Coated Conductor Applications
Chapter 17 – LPE Processing for Coated Conductor

Chapter 18 – Ex-Situ Processing of Ti-Containing Films
Chapter 19 – Epitaxy of Hg-Based High-Tc Superconducting Thin Films

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