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90 reviewsBackground: Optimal parameters of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) are stillundetermined. Given the vagus nerve's role in regulating heart rate (HR), it is important to determinesafety and HR effects of various taVNS parameters.Objective: We conducted two sequential trials to systematically test the effects of various taVNS parameters on HR.Methods: 15 healthy individuals participated in the initial two-visit, crossover exploratory trial, receivingKeywords:either tragus (active) or earlobe (control) stimulation each visit. Nine stimulation blocks of varying parameters (pulse width: 100 ms, 200 ms, 500 ms; frequency: 1 Hz, 10 Hz, 25 Hz) were administered eachTranscutaneous auricular vagus nervevisit. HR was recorded and analyzed for stimulation-induced changes. Using similar methods and thestimulation (taVNS)two best parameters from trial 1 (500ms 10 Hz and 500ms 25 Hz), 20 healthy individuals then participatedEar stimulationAutonomic nervous systemin a follow-up confirmatory study.Heart rateResults: Trial 1- There was no overall effect of the nine conditions on HR during stimulation. HoweverVagus nerve stimulationmultivariate analysis revealed two parameters that significantly decreased HR during active stimulationcompared to control (500ms 10 Hz and 500ms 25 Hz; p < 0.01). Additionally, active taVNS significantlyattenuated overall sympathetic HR rebound (post-stimulation) compared to control (p < 0.001). Trial 2-For these two conditions, active taVNS significantly decreased HR compared to control (p ¼ 0.02), withthe strongest effects at 500ms 10 Hz (p ¼ 0.032).Conclusion: These studies suggest that 60s blocks of tragus stimulation are safe, and some specific parameters modulate HR. Of the nine parameters studied, 500ms 10 Hz induced the greatest HR effects.© 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
