The Genius Of Their Age Ibn Sina Biruni And The Lost Enlightenment S Frederick Starr by S. Frederick Starr 9780197675557, 9780197675571, 0197675557, 0197675573 instant download after payment.

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S. Frederick Starr follows up his acclaimed Lost Enlightenment: Central Asia's Golden Age with a portrait of the Arab enlightenment & its key figures—Abu-Ali al-Husayn ibn-'Abdallah Ibn-Sina & Abu al-Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni. A thousand years ago, these two intellectual giants—known as Ibn Sina & Biruni for short—achieved stunning breakthroughs in fields as diverse as medicine, astronomy, mathematics, philosophy, geography, & physics. 

Biruni measured the earth more precisely than anyone else down to the 16th century, pondered a heliocentric universe, & hypothesized the existence of North & South America as inhabited continents. Ibn Sina's writing on philosophy & metaphysics enriched the writings of countless European thinkers, including St. Thomas Aquinas, while Sina's grand synthesis of medical knowledge became the standard for the next 600 years in Europe, the Middle East, & India. They both also commented extensively on the works of ancient Greeks & earlier Muslim thinkers, whose works they aspired to & to transcend.

Contemporaries, Ibn Sina & Biruni were born within the borders of what is now Uzbekistan & spent their lives in Central Asia. They also became rivals, launching a correspondence & commentary that galvanized them despite sometimes bitter disagreement. Centuries before the West caught up with them, Ibn Sina & Biruni reflected their age's feats & its intellectual high point, persisting with their inquiries & their independence amid turmoil & rapid change.

Though scholars have long dissected the works of Ibn Sina & Biruni, Starr focuses also on their lives & the times in which they lived. By contextualizing their work & by making the age palpable to the reader,..