1. Introduction and Research Methodology

1.1 Background of Study

1.2 Survey Research Methodology

1.2.1 Questionnaire development

1.2.2 Sample selection and data collection

1.2.3 Data analysis

1.3 Sample Description

1.3.1 Representativeness of sample

1.4 Research Methodology for Semi-Structured Interviews

1.4.1 Interview guide development

1.4.2 Interview data collection

1.4.3 Interview data analysis

1.5 Summary

2. Value Orientations

2.1 Family Values

2.1.1 Overview of family values

2.1.2 Family values by demographic background

2.2 Societal Consciousness

2.2.1 Overview of societal consciousness

2.2.2 Societal consciousness by demographic background

2.3 Status Consciousness

2.3.1 Overview of status consciousness

2.3.2 Status consciousness by demographic background

2.4 Traditionalism

2.4.1 Overview of traditionalism

2.4.2 Traditionalism by demographic background

2.5 Materialism

2.5.1 Overview of materialism

2.5.2 Materialism by demographic background

2.6 Entrepreneurial Spirit

2.6.1 Overview of entrepreneurial spirit

2.6.2 Entrepreneurial spirit by demographic background

2.7 Summary and Implications

3. Personal Values and Life Aspirations

3.1 Personal Values

3.2 Longitudinal Comparison of Personal Values (1996 versus 2001)

3.3 Personal Values by Demographic Background

3.3.1 Gender

3.3.2 Marital status

3.3.3 Ethnic groups

3.3.4 Age groups

3.3.5 Education

3.3.6 Personal income

3.4 Summary and Implications — Personal Values

3.5 Life Aspirations (Things Wanted Most in Life)

3.6 Things Wanted Most in Life by Demographic Background

3.6.1 Gender

3.6.2 Marital status

3.6.3 Age groups

3.6.4 Ethnic groups

3.6.5 Education

3.6.6 Personal income

3.7 Summary and Implications — Life Aspirations

4. Life Satisfaction

4.1 Satisfaction with Various Aspects of Life

4.2 Life Satisfaction: 2001 versus 1996

4.3 Life Satisfaction by Demographic Background

4.3.1 Gender

4.3.2 Marital status

4.3.3 Ethnic groups

4.3.4 Age groups

4.3.5 Education

4.3.6 Personal income

4.4 Satisfaction with Life in Singapore

4.5 Satisfaction with Life in Singapore: 1996 versus 2001

4.6 Satisfaction with Life in Singapore by Demographic Background

4.6.1 Gender

4.6.2 Marital status

4.6.3 Ethnic groups

4.6.4 Age groups

4.6.5 Education

4.6.6 Personal income

4.7 Summary and Implications — Satisfaction with Life

5. Media Habits

5.1 Television Program

5.1.1 Television program preferences by demographics

5.1.2 Summary and implications — television program

5.2 Radio

5.2.1 Radio program preferences by demographics

5.2.2 Summary and implications — radio program

5.3 Newspapers

5.3.1 Newspaper by demographics

5.3.2 Summary and implications — newspapers

5.4 Magazines

5.4.1 Magazines readership by demographics

5.4.2 Summary and implications — magazines

6. Leisure Activities

6.1 Sports

6.1.1 Sports by demographics

6.1.2 Summary and implications — sports

6.2 Social and Cultural Activities

6.2.1 Social and cultural activities by demographics

6.2.2 Summary and implications — social and cultural activities

6.3 Self-Improvement Activities

6.3.1 Self-improvement activities by demographics

6.3.2 Summary and implications — self-improvement activities

6.4 Various Charity, Social Work, and Community Activities

6.4.1 Various charity, social work, and community activitiesby demographics

6.4.2 Summary and implications — charity, social work, and community activities

6.5 Travel Activities

6.5.1 Travel activities by demographics

6.5.2 Summary and implications — travel activities

6.6 Home Entertainment Activities

6.6.1 Home entertainment activities by demographic background

6.6.2 Summary and implications — home entertainment activities

6.7 Other Activities

6.7.1 Various other activities by demographics

6.7.2 Summary and implications — other activities

7. Internet Usage and Behavior

7.1 E–Orientation

7.2 Internet Usage

7.3 Summary and Implications

8. Clustering of Singaporeans

8.1 Dimensions of Singaporeans’ Value Systems

8.2 Identification of Clusters

8.3 Lifestyle Activities of Clusters

8.3.1 Life satisfaction

8.3.2 Leisure activities

8.3.3 Internet and online shopping behavior

8.4 Comparison Between 1996 and 2001 Clusters

8.5 Summary and Implications

9. Successful Aging In Singapore

9.1 Introduction

9.2 “Successful Aging” and the Elderly in Singapore

9.3 Research Methodology

9.3.1 The sample for semi-structured interviews

9.4 Findings

9.4.1 Views about aging

9.4.2 Concerns about aging

9.4.3 Consumption of time and money: family, community, and health

9.5 Summary and Implications

9.5.1 Focusing on family values

9.5.2 Keeping healthy and connected

9.5.3 Moving from working life to retirement

10. Young Adult Singaporeans

10.1 Introduction

10.2 “The Young and the Restless”

10.2.1 VALS studies and related findings on young adults

10.3 Research Methodology

10.3.1 The sample for semi-structured interviews

10.4 Findings

10.4.1 Aspirations in life

10.4.2 Importance of personal values

10.4.3 Satisfaction with aspects of life in Singapore

10.4.4 Leisure and play

10.4.5 Working in Singapore

10.4.6 Stayers or strayers?

10.5 Summary and Implications

11. Conclusions

11.1 The Study

11.2 Synopsis of the Main Findings

11.2.1 Demographic profile of the respondents

11.2.2 Value orientations

11.2.3 Personal values

11.2.4 Aspirations (Things wanted most in life)

11.2.5 Life satisfaction

11.2.6 Satisfaction with life in Singapore

11.2.7 Media habits

11.2.8 Leisure activities

11.2.9 Internet usage and behavior

11.3 Clustering of Singaporeans

11.4 Qualitative Insights: Elderly Singaporeans

11.5 Qualitative Insights: Young Adult Singaporeans

11.6 Directions for Future Research

References

Index